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Author : Huang Jin He ( Ng Gim How )
Dialect : Fujian ( Hokkien )
Age : 24
Date of Birth : 15 Jan 1978
Nationality : Singapore
Location : Singapore
Sex : Male
Race : Chinese
Blood group : O+
Faith : Christianity
Highest education achieved : Diploma in Marine Engineering
The following post is my own personal comments and opinions .
Let bygones be bygones . Let forget all the past below and look forward to the future .
For rejuvenation and reunification of China , if only we can turn the clock back to 1925 when China National Father Dr Sun is still alive .
If Dr Sun had continued to live to maintain the CPC-KMT co-operation and prevent the civil war , perhaps China may have reunified and rejuvenated with a bi-party political democracy whereby the CPC may be the Democrats and the KMT may be the Republicans in the governmental branch of executive and legislature ; the CPC and KMT may have accommodate and co-operate as political competitor and partner to implement a free and competitive political democracy with political supervision ; the CPC and KMT may have compete and deliberate for the best national and people interest , and continue political ,economic and social reform , development , stability , unity and prosperity .
If Dr sun had live longer , perhaps Dr Sun may have implemented his three people principles and rejuvenate China , by refining the US and Soviet experience , to become a democratic and developed country .
After the passing of Dr Sun in 1925 , China lost 53 years to civil war ; anti-Japanese war ; political infighting ; internal turmoil and external threat ; political , economic and social instability ; Anti-rightist movement , Great Leap Forward , Great Famine and Cultural revolution ; man-made disaster ; international isolation until 1978 when Paramount Leader Deng implemented ideological , political and economic reform by the opening up policy , adopting socialism , and building a free and competitive market economy .
It is reported that , after WW2 , US President Roosevelt had offered Vietnam to Chiang Gong but Chiang Gong had declined the Vietnam offer citing the reason that the Vietnamese are not Chinese and they will not be sinicized .
Chiang Gong may have declined the Vietnam offer because Chiang Gong wanted to consolidate and concentrate KMT military strength , asset and resources to reunify China and end the civil war .
If there is no civil war , perhaps China and Taiwan would not have separated , China may have reunify with Vietnam , and even reunify with Mongolia .
If there is no civil war , China reunification with Xinjiang and Tibet may be earlier .
The civil war divide and weaken the political , economic and military strength , asset and resources of the nation and people .
When the KMT is the ruling party in China , there is neither political competitor nor democracy , thus the KMT slide into dictatorship in China .
It is reported that China under KMT had achieved high economic growth and began to develop democracy but both are disrupted by war .
The CPC startup later than the KMT .
When the CPC developed into a political competitor to the KMT , the CPC and KMT started a civil war .
When the CPC developed into a political competitor to the KMT , there began to have initiative and opportunities for the KMT to persuade the CPC to accommodate and co-operate as political competitor and partner so as to implement a bi-party political democracy
It is reported that the KMT had made use of criminal group as a political tool for party interest and the CPC had learnt bandit strategy and tactic .
Chairman Mao said that to go to the mountains and learnt from the bandit .
Towards the end of civil war , the CPC seeked the backing of Soviet and the KMT seeked the backing of the US .
When the civil war situation tilted in favor of the CPC , there began to have initiative and opportunities for the CPC to persuade the KMT to accommodate and co-operate as political competitor and partner so as to implement a bi-party political democracy .
After the American civil war , the US achieved a bi-party political democracy with Democrats and Republicans .
When the CPC became the ruling party in China , the CPC did not implement a free and competitive political democracy with political supervision .
Thus , the CPC has used democracy as political propaganda and capital to gain political support and foundation .
Chairman Mao said that political power grow out of guns barrel which mean achieving ruling power through undemocratic means such as war or rebellion .
In a democracy , political power grow out of masses which mean achieving ruling power through democratic means such as election .
But China under the KMT was not united politically , and the KMT was unable to govern effectively .
Thus , only military solution can reunify China politically and history has testified that only Chairman Mao had the military capabilities to reunify China politically .
Under the leadership of Chairman Mao , the China was united politically , and the CPC was able to govern effectively but both political unity and effective governance was eroded after Paramount Leader Deng implemented ideological , political and economic reform due to slow parallel and corresponding legal , democratic , party and administrative reform .
The dictatorship and corruption of the KMT in China in turn discredited the KMT and gave political ammunition to the CPC .
It is reported that the KMT rule was fairly incorrupt in China and only became corrupted in final years of civil war due to continuous war combined with military failure , high military spending demand combined with economic failure , a complication of political and social failure , etc .
A complicated cycle of political , economic , social and military corruption and failure had decreased the political support and foundation of the KMT .
Under the leadership of Chairman Mao , the CPC rule was also fairly incorrupt in China and only became corrupted after Paramount Leader Deng implemented ideological , political and economic reform due to slow parallel and corresponding legal , democratic , party and administrative reform .
It is reported that the Hundred Flowers Blossom movement led to Anti-rightist movement .
It is reported that the Great Leap Forward was launched to achieve the industrial and economic level of developed country by using command economy to allocate and distribute economic resources but industrial production was increased at the expenses of agriculture production which led to the Great Famine complicated with a isolated economy without international trade to import food to alleviate the famine .
It is reported that China was offered to join GATT , the former body of WTO , in 1970s but Late Premier Zhou declined the offer citing the reasons that China command economy is incompatible to international market economy ; unfamiliarity with the operative of GATT ; hostility with some GATT members such as South Korea , India , etc ; etc .
It is reported that Cultural Revolution was launched to build a fundamental and pure communism in China and cleanse reactionaries such as educated , bureaucratic , class , etc elite , and other counterrevolutionaries such as religion , culture , tradition , etc .
It is reported that during Cultural Revolution , the children turn against their parent , the subordinate turn against their superior , etc .
It is reported that Cultural Revolution provided the convenience of opportunities and justification for political infighting .
It is reported that during Cultural Revolution , the Red Guard was on a Chairman Mao fervor and they idolize Chairman Mao , to each Red Guard , Chairman Mao was God and he was eternity .
Communism became a quasi-religion and Chairman Mao became the quais-Pope of communism .
Although the Red Guard prosecuted many people and caused many unnatural death , the Red Guard are as victimized as the prosecuted Chinese population as they believed that they are justified for revolution and Chairman Mao .
It is reported that Chairman Mao had believed that revolution should be continued in contrast to the peaceful and stable development advocated by Late Premier Zhou .
Chairman Mao is a military man who conquered China on horseback while Late Premier Zhou is a administrative man who can ruled China effectively .
It is reported that in the political infighting among the leaders of CPC and PLA , Chairman Mao mediate and intervene between the leaders ; divide the leaders to counterbalance and weaken one another leaders ; etc so as to maintain his leadership in China .
It is reported that the CPC corruption is due to a loss of ideology .
It is reported that the CPC official have engaged in criminal activities and corruption , and the families member of the CPC official controlled major industry and amassed huge wealth .
It is reported that Paramount Leader Deng Xiaoping and Party Secretary Hu Yaobang had allowed the PLA to engage in commercial activities to increase the PLA self-sufficiency and supplement the military budget because financial and economic resources is diverted from military to economic development .
Perhaps , Paramount Leader Deng had traded commercial right in exchange for the PLA support for ideological , political and economic reform .
The commercial activities had eroded the military professionalism and combat readiness of the PLA which had complicated with a loss of ideology , which in turn led to criminal activities and corruption of the PLA .
It is reported that the PLA had engaged in commercial activities through the name of the PLA officer and their families , in which only 30 % of the profit had supplemented the military budget and the rest of 70% of the profit was corrupted by the PLA officer and their families members .
It is reported that when the CPC ordered the PLA to stop their commercial activities , the PLA officer had made a huge profit in the process while the PLA officer and their family members had continued to engage in commercial activities .
There is report of PLA officer defected with secret information and transferred money abroad .
The Japanese invasion of China is also a major factor in transferring political support and foundation from the KMT to the CPC .
The KMT policy and action toward Japanese were unpopular while the CPC policy and action toward the Japanese were popular .
When the Japanese invaded northeastern provinces , Chiang Gong ordered General Zhang Xueliang to withdraw from northeastern provinces .
Chiang Gong is a balanced and talented political and military leader and strategist .
Chiang Gong said that war is an art and war is 70% politics and 30% military .
Beside military and economic solution , Chiang Gong had political and diplomatic solution on his mind .
Thus , Chiang Gong was trading space for time so as to achieve a political and diplomatic solution with international support .
Retreat is one of the military strategy which in turn is dependent on relative political , economic , strategic and military situation .
General Zhang Xueliang was a former warlord who joined KMT so as to reunify China , and receive aid and assistance from the KMT so as to counter Japanese threat .
The political stronghold and foundation of General Zhang Xueliang was in northeastern province .
Thus , Chiang Gong may have used the justification of Japanese invasion of northeastern province to order General Zhang Xueliang to withdraw from his political stronghold and foundation so as to secure his loyalty to KMT , sever his political roots in northeastern provinces , and integrate the army of General Zhang Xueliang into KMT military .
Chiang Gong may have also wanted to make use of Japanese invader to defeat the CPC while the KMT preserve and develop his military strength , asset and resources .
After the Japanese invader had defeated the CPC , the KMT will be able to counterattack Japanese invader and reunify China on a anti-Japanese and nationalistic fervor which in turn will increase the political support and foundation of the KMT .
Chiang Gong ordered General Zhang Xueliang to defeat the CPC in Shannxi-Gansu-Ningxia region .
Chiang Gong intended to defeat the CPC first before defeating the Japanese invader .
In the mind of Chiang Gong , the CPC is the Manchu invader while the Japanese invader is the Japanese pirate in the Ming dynasty history .
After suffering heavy losses , General Zhang Xueliang kidnapped Chiang Gong so as to force him to co-operate with the CPC to defeat the Japanese invader .
If Chiang Gong had continued to fight the CPC first before defeating the Japanese invader , the CPC may have been defeated but China may have been lost to Japan .
Perhaps , General Zhang Xueliang had saved the CPC from defeat and the CPC was to defeat the KMT in the end .
The co-operation between the CPC and KMT to defeat the Japanese invasion was not effective .
The Japanese invasion is focus on the political , economic and strategic heart and arteries of China .
The KMT military fight a mobile war on the front of the Japanese and the KMT military conducted tactical retreat so as to check and slow down Japanese invasion , trade space for time to over-extend the Japanese military , prepare for strategic counterattack of the Japanese military such as strategic outflanking , encirclement and ambush .
But the KMT may have wanted to shift the war burden to the CPC ; weaken and exhaust the CPC military strength , asset and resources ; and preserve and develop the KMT military strength , asset and resources for civil war with the CPC .
The CPC military fight a guerilla war at the back of the Japanese but the CPC military may not have maximize guerilla attack on the Japanese military so as to shift the war burden to the KMT ; weaken and exhaust the KMT military strength , asset and resources ; and preserve and develop the CPC military strength , asset and resources for civil war with the KMT .
It is reported that both the CPC and KMT had exaggerated battle result for political propaganda and capital to gain political support and foundation .
A cycle of military success and political propaganda had increased the political support and foundation of the CPC .
But Japanese military had to distribute his military strength , asset and resources to continue the invasion of China on the front , and controlled the occupied region and his Chinese population in the back .
Toward the end of WW2 , the US and its allies defeated Germany in Europe and transferred their military strength , asset and resources from European theatre to Asia-Pacific theatre to defeat Japan .
Japan had lost his ally in Europe ; over-extended his military in Asia-Pacific ; exhausted his economic and military strength , asset and resources while the US and its allies has isolated Japan island and brought the war back to Japan island .
In China theatre , the Japanese military began strategic retreat to consolidate in northern and eastern China province but the Soviet military attack northeastern province and defeated the Japanese military .
In the final days of WW2 , the US dropped two atomic bomb on Japan island and forced Japan to surrender .
After Japan surrender , the Japanese military in Asia-Pacific including China surrendered .
Thus , Japan is defeated by the US and its allies .
Toward the end of the civil war , Chiang Gong ordered General Fu Zuoyi to withdraw from Beijing to the south of Yangtze river so as to defend the southern China using Yangtze river as natural barrier .
But General Fu Zuoyi surrendered himself and his hundred of thousands of troops under his command to the CPC .
If General Fu Zuoyi had complied with the order of Chiang Gong , perhaps the KMT would have continued to have a foothold in southern China .
Perhaps , the surrender of General Fu Zuoyi and his army had further weakened the KMT military strength , asset and resources , and had accelerated the defeat of the KMT .
Even if General Fu Zuoyi had continued to defend Beijing , perhaps he will be able to check and pin down the CPC military in northern china ; create time for KMT military to strengthen defense and deployment ; prepare